14 Days
Moderate
Manaslu Circuit Trek: Samdo Village
Samdo village is a tiny high-altitude settlement with stone houses, a Tibetan stupa, and breathtaking Himalayan backdrops. It sits on a remote valley plateau just below the snow-clad mountains of the Manaslu region.
Altitude and Geographic Location
Samdo is perched at an elevation of around 3,860–3,875 meters (12,660–12,713 ft) in Nepal’s Gorkha District. This makes it the highest permanent village in the Budhi Gandaki Valley. Samdo is located in the Manaslu Conservation Area in north-central Nepal. It is just a few kilometers from the Tibet border.
It is one of the last villages on the Manaslu Circuit Trek. This is before the trail climbs to the Larkya La mountain pass. The village sits on a steep slope above where glacier-fed streams meet. It offers views down the valley to smaller hamlets like Pangboche and Pang Phuchi, and up towards the Tibetan plateau.
Samdo is in a key spot at the start of the Budhi Gandaki River. It is also close to the Larkya Pass. This location has made it an essential stop for both trekkers and traders.
Location in Trek Itinerary
By road, trekkers reach the Manaslu region via Arughat/Soti Khola, then hike north for about a week. Samdo is typically reached on Day 8 or 9 of the trek (after staying in Samagaon at 3,530 m). It lies about 7–12 km trekking distance northeast of Samagaon, which takes roughly 3–4 hours on foot.
The walk to Samdo is known to be pleasant and scenic, following the Budhi Gandaki River through yak pastures and shrubland. Trekkers cross at least one wooden bridge and pass long mani walls (stone walls carved with Buddhist prayers) on the way.
There are no villages in between, underscoring Samdo’s remoteness. When you arrive, a white stupa at the village entrance welcomes you. It shows you have reached this remote mountain spot near the Nepal–Tibet border.
Cultural Background and Local Population
Samdo’s residents are ethnically Tibetan and have a rich cultural heritage tied to Tibet. Historical accounts note that Tibetan refugees founded Samdo, and the village retains deep Tibetan roots. The local community is often considered part of the Bhotia (Bhutia) or Khampa people.
These groups are highlanders from Tibet. They are known for their strength and strong cultural identity. They practice Tibetan Buddhism. You can see this in the village’s small gompas, prayer wheels, and mani walls with prayer flags.
Houses in Samdo are built in a traditional style. They have stone walls, flat roofs, and carved wooden windows. This shows classic Tibetan highland architecture.
Yaks and yak-hybrids (dzopkyo) are essential to life here. You will see them in the pastures around the village. The people of Samdo rely on yak herding for transport and dairy products.
Limited farming, like growing potatoes and barley, happens in the short summer. However, trade and raising animals have been the primary ways people earn a living.
The population of Samdo is small, with only a few dozen families. However, they are known for their warm hospitality. Trekkers often say they are welcomed with warm smiles and cups of butter tea when they arrive tired in Samdo.
Cultural hospitality is heartwarming. Many visitors are welcomed into smoky kitchens. They warm up by the fire and chat, even with language barriers. Buddhist devotion is a way of life here.
You might hear the soft ringing of prayer bells. You may also see locals spinning prayer wheels and saying mantras in the evening. This spiritual atmosphere and the remoteness give Samdo a tranquil, almost sacred ambiance.
One account says that the village’s traditional Tibetan culture lives in harmony with nature. This can be seen in the fluttering prayer flags and the yak caravans on old trade routes. Trekking through Samdo feels like stepping back into a preserved Himalayan culture.
Yaks in Samdo village are decorated with wooden saddles and colorful tassels. Yak herding is essential to Samdo’s way of life. These strong animals are used for transport, farming, and dairy. This shows the culture of the Tibetan highlands.
Accommodation and Facilities in Samdo
Tea Houses & Lodges
Despite its isolation, Samdo offers a handful of teahouse lodges where trekkers can eat and sleep. Accommodation is simple but comfortable. You can expect basic stone or wood buildings. The guest rooms usually have twin beds or dormitories.
There is also a shared dining hall. There are only a few lodges in the village (variously reported as 3 to 7). Some popular choices are the Yak Hotel, Tibetan Twin Hotel, and Zambala (Jambala) Guest House.
Trekkers often mention these places. Rooms have a bed, a mattress, and thick blankets. Heating is only in the dining area, using a stove. This stove usually runs on yak dung or wood.
All the lodges are very rustic, which is part of the adventure, but they offer much-needed shelter and warm meals. It’s smart to arrive early during peak season. Capacity is limited, with only about 50 to 70 trekkers allowed. Rooms can fill up quickly.
Food
The teahouses in Samdo serve a standard trekking menu, though choices narrow at this altitude. Trekkers can enjoy hearty meals like dal bhat, rice, and lentils.
They can also have noodle soups, fried rice, and potatoes. If available, they might get momos, which are dumplings. Sometimes, they can have Tibetan bread or porridge too.
Since a mule or a porter brings up supplies, prices here are higher than in the lower villages. The variety is also limited; fresh vegetables or meat are rare at this altitude. However, the food is warm and filling. Garlic soup is a popular order (locals say it helps with altitude).
In the evenings, gather in the dining hall around the stove with a cup of ginger lemon or butter tea. The menu might also include tsampa (roasted barley flour) porridge or noodle dishes influenced by Tibetan cuisine.
Tip: Be kind to your hosts and feel free to chat. Many lodge owners in Samdo are from the same community and like talking to trekkers. Eating a big dal bhat here is not just dinner, but a cultural experience with your hosts.
Electricity & Charging
Samdo’s city comes from a small micro-hydro plant and solar panels, providing limited power. Lights are usually available in the evenings for a few hours, but they don’t have 24-hour electricity. Bring a headlamp and spare batteries!
Charging electronics usually costs between NPR 200 and 500 per hour or per device. This service is available in the dining hall when the generator is on. Power outages or low voltage are common, so carrying a power bank is smart for STAs.
TA’s project extended a more stable electrical line from Samagaon to Samdo. This may improve reliability soon. But as of the latest, the trekketre’kers’ was still intermittent. The eating is unavailable – count on your sleeping bag and the dining room fire for warmth.
Wi-Fi & Mobile Network
Connectivity in Samdo is minimal. Some lodges offer Wi-Fi. The Yak Hotel charges about NPR 500 for it. However, the service is often slow and unreliable. Essentially, Samdo is the last place on the circuit with any internet access, even its minimal
After Samdo, you won’t know each other until you cross the Larke Pass and descend to Bimthang. Mobile phone reception can be unpredictable. Nepal Telecom (NTC) signal reaches Samdo, but it is unreliable. Ncell, the other provider, has no overage. If the lodge Wi-Fi works, it will likely cost a few dollars and only allow light messaging.
Water & Toilets
Water in Samdo comes from mountain streams. Teahouses will provide boiled water (for a fee) or use your purification methods. Always treat water here, as upstream sources can be contaminated by livestock.
Toilets are basic squat toilets, often an outhouse or a shared indoor toilet with a simple pit or pan. Only a few lodges might have a Western theme; even those will be very primitive.
Carry your own toilet paper and hand sanitizer. Hot showers are a luxury at this altitude. Some teahouses provide a bucket of hot water for washing. Others offer a basic gas-heated shower for an extra charge of a few hundred NPR.
Remember, fuel is scarce; they might not have enough hot water for everyone during busy times. Many trekkers skip showering in Samdo.
They find cold, wet hair in freezing weather uncomfortable. Instead, they wait until after the pass. Instead, a sponge bath with warm water or wet wipes in the evening can suffice.
Other Facilities: There are no ATM or banking services. Bring enough cash to last through the trek. Use Nepali rupees, and small bills are useful. None at all – bring enough money to last through the trek (Nepali rupees; small bills useful).
Shops: There might be one or two small shops in Samdo. They sell snacks like biscuits, candy, and instant noodles. It is best to get supplies before leaving Samagaon. Samagaon has more amenities than other places.
Make sure to have any medicines or gear you need. Medical: There is no health post in Samdo; the closest is in Samagaon. If you have severe altitude sickness or injuries, your guide will suggest going down. You can also get help from the community hospital in Samagaon or call rescue services.
Religion and etiquette: You see a small Gompa (monastery) or prayer room in Samdo. You can visit if it is open, but always ask for permission or go with a local. As always in Buddhist villages, walk on the left side of mani walls and spin prayer wheels clockwise out of respect.
Acclimatization Tips and Altitude Considerations
At 3.8–3.9 km above sea level, Samdo is firmly in high-altitude terrain, so acclimatization is critical. Many itineraries have two important acclimatization stops: Samagaon (3,530 m) and Samdo (3,875 m).
These stops help trekkers adjust to the thinner air. By the time you get to Samdo, you have probably spent a few nights above 3000 m. It is often smart to stay an extra night here or enjoy a relaxed afternoon before going higher. Samdo is an ideal acclimatization point to prepare for the Larkya La Pass (5,106 m) ahead.
“Climb high, sleep low” is the golden rule. In Samdo, trekkers often hike up to higher elevations during the day. They return to the village to sleep. This helps the body get used to heights of 4,500–5,000 m.
It also allows recovery at a lower sleeping altitude of about 3,800 m. Even if you adjust well, watch for Acute Mountain Sickness (AMS) symptoms at Samdo’s height. These include headaches, trouble sleeping, loss of appetite, and dizziness.
If you feel mild symptoms, communicate with your group/guide and rest an extra day if needed. It’s far better to delay crossing the pass than to push on unsafely. Many trekkers take Diamox (acetazolamide) to prevent altitude sickness. Talk to your doctor and get a guide about this medicine before the trek.
Hydration and Nutrition: Getting dehydrated in the cold and dry air is easy, which worsens altitude issues. Drink plenty of water or tea throughout the day (at least 3-4 liters).
Eating enough is essential. You might not feel very hungry at high altitudes. Still, try to eat enough calories for energy and warmth. Soups and garlic-heavy foods are local remedies believed to help with acclimatization. Avoid alcohol – not that it’s readily available here anyway – as it can dehydrate you and disrupt acclimatization.
Physical condition: By Samdo, you’ll be trekking slower and breathing harder due to altitude. Listen to your body and don’t over-exert. Feeling a bit fatigued or having a slight headache on the first night at Samdo is normal.
If symptoms are moderate, like a worsening headache, vomiting, fatigue, or confusion, it may be AMS. The best response is to rest and possibly go down to Samagaon if there is no improvement.
Fortunately, Samdo is a stopping point. Trekkers can stay an extra night here to help with acclimatization if needed. One guide company says, “Staying at Samdo helps trekkers prepare for the Larke Pass.
An extra night here can prevent altitude sickness before crossing 5,100 m.” Take advantage of this by doing short hikes (without a heavy pack), then relaxing.
Oxygen levels drop a lot above 3,500 meters. Even if you feel good, do not skip acclimatization days in your plan. Samdo’s open hillsides and side trails offer perfect opportunities to safely “climb high, sleep low.”
Stay warm – the altitude and wind can make Samdo very cold, especially if the weather turns. Being cold can stress your body and make acclimatization harder. Wear layers, a hat, and warm socks, even inside the teahouse.
At night, temperatures often fall well below freezing here. A good night’s sleep is essential for your body to adjust. So, bundle up and use earplugs if the wind or lodge noises bother you.
Most trekkers can adjust well in Samdo if they take the proper precautions. They wake up ready to face the next big challenge, the Larkya Pass.
Day Hikes and Acclimatization Excursions from Samdo
Samdo offers spectacular side trips for those with an extra day or a free afternoon. These hikes aid acclimatization and provide outstanding views and unique experiences off the main trail.
Hike to Samdo Ri (Samdo Peak Ridge)
Many hikers choose a half-day hike up Samdo Ri. This ridge is part of Samdo Peak, north of the village. The trail starts at the far end of Samdo, marked by prayer flags, and heads steeply uphill.
You don’t have to reach the 5,150 m peak, which is a tough climb. You can go as high as you feel comfortable. Most hikers go to about 4,800–5,000 m. There, you will find prayer flags marking great lookout points.
This climb is short but quite steep, often taking 1.5–2 hours up, and less to descend. You can see expansive views of Mount Manaslu, Simnang Himal, Naike Peak, and even Tibet from these high spots.
The Budhi Gandaki valley lies below, and you can see Samdo village as a speck. This hike is fantastic for acclimatization (“climb high, sleep low”) and offers a bit of a workout without a heavy pack. Take it slow as the air gets thin.
The effort is worth it. You will see amazing views of the Himalayas. You will also feel proud to reach about 5,000 meters on a day hike.
Keep an eye out for wildlife like Himalayan blue sheep on the ridges, often spotted on these hillsides near Samdo. After enjoying the views and maybe a prayer flag photo-op, you’ll return to Samdo for the night.
Trek to the Tibetan Border (Lajyang Bhanjyang, a.k.a. Rui La Pass)
Few trekkers undertake this full-day adventure, but those who do call it unforgettable. Lajyang Bhanjyang (5,030 m) is a high pass at the Nepal-Tibet border, northwest of Samdo. Historically, this route was used for trade between the Nubri Valley (Nepal) and Tibet.
Starting early, you follow the trail towards Dharamsala for a short while, then branch off on an older path toward Tibet. You will pass a place called Larkya Bazaar. It is not a bazaar today. It is an open area where seasonal trade fairs used to happen. These fairs were between Tibetan and Nepali traders.
Continuing up the Larke Danda valley, the terrain becomes rough, with loose scree and often snow underfoot. The climb is steep and rugged. It is about 1,200 meters up from Samdo to the pass.
It can take 4 to 5 hours to go up and 3 hours to come down. You see border fences and prayer flags at Lajyang Bhanjyang (Rui Las. You are standing on the border of Tibet and Nepal. On a clear day, you can gaze into the vast expanse of the Tibetan plateau on one side and the Himalayas on the other.
Reaching this pass gives a strong feeling of being far away. Few treks let you stand at an international border over 5,000 m high! Trekkers describe it as a unique experience. They say it feels special to be at the Tibetan border.
This is something that most other treks do not offer. There is a simple stone cairn and some remnants of old trading posts. Do not try to cross into Tibet. It is illegal and dangerous because of border security.
However, just being there is exciting. You’ll return to Samdo the same way. This trip is long and arduous. It starts at dawn and ends in the late afternoon. If you are fit, used to the conditions, and have an extra day, it is a memorable side trip.
Ensure you go with a guide or at least with others, since the trail is faint in parts and there’s a high risk of snow or bad weather. Most hikers skip this trail, so you will probably have the whole valley to yourself. You might only hear the wind and some distant yaks.
These hikes (Samdo Ri and the Tibet viewpoint) are optional. If you feel unwell or tired, taking a rest day in the village is okay. You might enjoy a short walk to the nearby hills to stretch your legs.
Even a brief climb of a few hundred meters above Samdo and back can help acclimatization. Regardless of which hike you choose, don’t over-exert; move at a pace where you can still breathe fairly comfortably.
And remember to be back well before dark since temperatures plummet in late afternoon. By doing an acclimatization hike, you’ll sleep better and be stronger when crossing Larkya Pass.
You will see parts of this region that most trekkers miss. This includes a hidden view of Manaslu from Samdo Ri and the end of Nepal at the Tibetan border.
Wildlife and Natural Scenery around Samdo
Samdo’s environment is stark yet stunning. The village sits above the tree line, so the surroundings are mostly alpine meadows, rocky slopes, and moraines.
In summer, the hills around Samdo are full of strong alpine grasses and wildflowers. The landscape turns brown and bare in autumn and winter, often covered with snow.
The Budhi Gandaki River flows just below the village, and you can hear the distant roar of glacial streams at night. The backdrop features tall peaks. From some spots near Samdo, you can see Mt. Manaslu (8,163 m) to the east. Naike Peak (5,515 m) and Pangboche Himal (6,620 m) are also nearby.
To the west, the direction of the Larkya Pass, rise the shoulders of Himlung Himal (7,126 m) and Cheo Himal (6,820 m) among others. The great mountains of the Himalaya surround you. The views of the snow-capped peaks and glaciers are amazing on clear days.
Wildlife in the Samdo area is notable, as it lies within the Manaslu Conservation Area, a protected region covering diverse Himalayan ecosystems. Trekkers who pay attention and are lucky have seen Himalayan blue sheep, also known as bharal, on the high slopes near Samdo.
These bluish-gray wild sheep blend in with the rocks. They are often seen in herds, especially in the early morning or late afternoon. They graze on cliffs. They are a primary prey of the elusive snow leopard, which is said to inhabit this region.
While seeing a snow leopard is extremely rare, just knowing they roam these mountains adds an aura of wildness. The Manaslu area is often called a “snow leopard valley.” Efforts are being made to study these animals.
You can often see marmots whistling and running in the meadows. You might spot them near the trail to Samdo. At lower elevations, you can also find the Himalayan tahr, a wild mountain goat.
Birdlife is present but not very common at this altitude. Look for Himalayan griffon vultures and lammergeiers flying above. Small birds like snow pigeons or red-billed choughs near the village might also be seen. In summer, colorful Himalayan monal pheasants inhabit the lower parts of the valley.
The scenery around Samdo is often described as otherworldly. Trekkers from green, forested areas suddenly find themselves in a broad U-shaped valley. This valley has only scrub and grass, similar to the Tibetan plateau.
To the north of the village, near the Tibetan border trail, the land is dry.
It has sandy, rocky plains. This is a significant change from the green terraced fields below in the lower Nubri valley. Yet the simplicity of the landscape has its charm. Many trekkers spend their afternoons in Samdo.
They sit on a ridge and enjoy the 360° view of the Himalayan peaks. They also feel a deep sense of solitude. Sunsets and sunrises are stunning.
Golden light often shines on Manaslu and nearby peaks at dawn. In the evening, the clouds can glow pink behind the mountain ranges. At night, the stars over Samdo shine brightly if the sky is clear. There is little light pollution, so the Milky Way resembles a bright band above the mountain silhouettes.
Since the village is small and dark, you might see wildlife near Samdo. Yaks and zopkyo (cow-yak hybrids) roam just outside the houses. Sometimes, blue sheep come very close.
Locals also keep horses, chickens, and a few dogs. The yaks have thick coats and long horns. They add to the beautiful scenery. You often see them carrying loads or being herded in the morning.
The animals and prayer flags wave in the wind. The views of rock and ice are stunning. Samdo feels like a postcard from the Himalayas. One trekker remembered sitting in a field near Samdo.
They watched a herd of yaks graze. Marmots darted between their burrows. This scene was set against a backdrop of glaciers. It was a vivid memory of humans and nature living together in this remote place.
Samdo’s Proximity to Larkya Pass and the Trekking Route
Samdo’s importance is magnified by its location, the last village before Larkya La Pass. Larkya La, also spelled Larke La, is the highest point of the Manaslu Circuit.
It stands at about 5,106 m (16,752 ft). Crossing this pass is the main challenge of the trek. From Samdo, the trek usually takes two days. Trekkers first go from Samdo to Dharmashala, also known as Larkya Phedi. They then cross the pass the next morning.
Samdo to Dharmashala
The trail from Samdo to Dharmashala, also known as Larkya Base Camp, is short. It is about 6–7 km long and takes 3–4 hours to hike. The trail rises from about 3,875 m to about 4,460 m. It’s a steady ascent along barren moraines.
Dharmashala isn’t a village, but a cluster of seasonal lodges/campsites built for trekkers. There are only 2 to 3 simple teahouses in Dharmashala. They often get crowded during peak season. Some groups may have to camp in overflow tents if the lodges are full.
There are no permanent settlements or services between Samdo and Dharmashala. You leave the inhabited world behind at Samdo. Many trekkers have lunch in Samdo. After midday, they head to Dharmashala for a short hike.
This allows for an early dinner and sleep before crossing the big pass. Dharmashala is very high and basic. It has no wifi or showers and very few amenities.
Because of this, some trekkers skip Dharmashala. They do a long day trek straight from Samdo over the pass. This is tough and not recommended unless it is necessary. It’s usually safer to spend the night in Dharmashala. This helps you adjust and try to pass when the weather is stable at dawn.
Larkya La Pass Crossing
Trekkers usually leave Dharmashala before dawn, around 4 to 5 am. They do this to cross Larkya La and avoid strong winds or bad weather that often start by late morning.
From Samdo, the distance to Bimthang is about 16 to 24 km. This depends on how many stops you make. It is usually the longest day for most people. From Samdo, you will climb about 1,200 m (3,940 ft) to the pass. Then, you will descend around 1,500 m (4,900 ft) into the Marsyangdi/Annapurna region.
It’s a challenging day, often 8–10+ hours of trekking. The climb to Larkya La from Dharmashala is challenging. It goes over rocky ground and may have snow or ice. However, the view from the top is fantastic.
Peaks like Himlung, Cheo Himal, Kang Guru, and Annapurna II can be seen. Glaciers also flow down from the Manaslu range. Prayer flags and a sign mark the summit of the pass, where trekkers usually celebrate with photos despite the thin air and cold.
You enter Manang District in the Annapurna region as you go down the other side. You will eventually reach Bimthang, which is at 3,590 meters. Here, the landscapes become greener again.
Samdo’s Role
Given this sequence, Samdo is essentially the final acclimatization and resupply stop before the pass. Trekkers often refer to Samdo as the place to “gather strength” for Larkya La.
You can consider it the last bit of civilization (no matter how rustic) on the Manaslu side. If you need any last-minute necessities – fill up water, get snacks like chocolate or biscuits, or check your gear – do it in Samdo. It’s also a mental checkpoint. When you leave Samdo, you should feel rested and used to the altitude.
The following 36 to 48 hours will be tough. Many guided groups brief trekkers in Samdo about the pass day. They cover the start time, what to wear, and how to deal with snow or altitude issues. Wear multiple warm layers and good gloves.
Use your afternoon or evening in Samdo to prepare your daypack for the pass. Pack water bottles, high-energy snacks, sunglasses, sunscreen, and a headlamp. You might also need microspikes if the trail is icy. Since Dharmashala’s facilities are minimal, consider eating a hearty meal in Samdo and carrying some extra food.
On the Manaslu Circuit, you will have traveled about 90–100 km by the time you reach Samdo. You will have around 80–90 km left to go if you exit at Dharapani. After Larkya Pass, the trek joins the Annapurna Circuit trail at Dharapani.
Samdo sits at the edge of two significant Himalayan watersheds. One is the Budhi Gandaki, which you followed from Arughat. The other is the Dudh (Chepe) Khola/Marsyangdi on the opposite side. In that way, it’s a key point in the journey. You leave one river basin and cross a mountain into another.
Trekkers often feel a strong connection to Samdo. It is the last authentic village on the remote Manaslu trek. Once you cross into the Annapurna side, villages become more frequent and connected to roads. So, Samdo is sometimes seen as the “final frontier” of the wild Manaslu region.
Looking back on the past, one can appreciate how isolated and special the Nubri Valley (Samagaon/Samdo area) is.
Finally, keep in mind that Samdo is close to the junction. This is for those who want to go to Manaslu Base Camp or Tsum Valley. These are separate side trips usually taken from Samagaon.
But nearly all trekkers will continue from Samdo over Larkya La. Most itineraries include at least one night in Samdo, sometimes two. This helps trekkers safely and enjoyably cross the pass.
Weather and Best Times to Visit Samdo
The Manaslu region, including Samdo, has a mountain climate with four seasons. However, trekking mainly happens in spring and autumn.
The best times to visit Samdo (and do the Manaslu Circuit) are autumn (late September–November) and spring (March–May). During these periods, the weather tends to be more stable with clear skies and moderate temperatures (relatively speaking).
Autumn (Sept–Nov)
After the summer monsoon, the air is crystal clear, providing superb mountain views. Days in Samdo are cool (about 8–10°C in Oct) and nights are cold (often -2 to 5°C in Oct/Nov).
By late November, it can drop below -10°C at night. Autumn brings many trekkers, so that lodges can get busy. The good side is a lively atmosphere and usually good weather.
Watch for any leftover monsoon effects in early autumn (late September), like clouds or rain. In late autumn (November), early winter storms can sometimes bring snow to the pass. But generally, October is prime time – sunny days, starry nights, and dry trails.
Spring (Mar–May)
As temperatures gradually rise after winter, spring brings milder conditions. In Samdo around April, daytime highs might be 10–12°C, with night lows around -5 to 0°C. It’s a bit warmer by May, though the higher you go, the more the temps lag. Spring weather is more variable – mostly clear mornings with some cloud build-up in afternoons.
Pre-monsoon rain or snow flurries are possible, especially in May. Spring brings blooming rhododendrons and wildflowers at lower altitudes. This makes the trip to Samdo very colorful. Wildlife can also be more active (blue sheep sightings are common).
Snow can build up on Larkya Pass during winter. This snow can last into March. It can make crossing harder early in the season. However, local crews or guides usually clear the trail by late March and April.
Monsoon (June–Aug)
This is generally off-season for Manaslu. The summer monsoon brings heavy rain, especially in the valley. This causes landslides, swollen rivers, and leeches in the forests.
Higher up near Samdo, there is a rain shadow effect from the Himalayas. However, it still gets a lot of clouds, some rain, and generally foggy, wet weather. Trails can be very muddy, and views are mostly obscured. Manaslu is a restricted trek that needs a guide.
Because of the risks, few agencies offer trips during the monsoon. Samdo might not see as much rainfall as the lowlands – instead, it could have drizzles and a misty atmosphere.
Only very experienced trekkers or those on special summer expeditions would be in Samdo now. The good part is having the trail all to yourself and seeing green plants even at high altitudes.
However, there are many downsides. These include leeches, clouds, challenging logistics, and the chance of the Larke Pass being closed if the weather is bad.
Winter (Dec–Feb)
Winter in Samdo is frigid and harsh. Temperatures can plummet well below freezing even during the day. In the coldest months (Dec/Jan), daytime might be around -5 to 0°C, and nights can be -15°C or lower.
Heavy snowfall may happen, especially in December and February. This can block the Larkya Pass and make trails hard to use. Most teahouses in high villages, like Samdo and Samagaon, close during winter. The locals move to lower areas or focus on indoor tasks during this time.
Some lodges may stay open for off-season hikers or winter climbers. You should have flexible plans and be ready to camp. You will likely need to hire an experienced guide or crew.
For those who brave winter, the scenery can be magical. The whole landscape is covered in snow, with no other trekkers around. But the risks are high: trekkers must be self-sufficient in alpine conditions, and rescue is difficult in winter storms.
Thus, winter is not recommended for the typical trek. The Manaslu Circuit is officially closed by the authorities in January, in some years, for safety reasons. Permits can be hard to get.
Precipitation and Conditions
Samdo, being in the rain shadow of Manaslu to some extent, gets less rain than the lower valley, but it does receive snowfall. The driest months are usually October–November and late winter (January), whereas the wettest is July.
Remember that the weather in the Himalayas can change quickly. Even during the best season, be ready for unexpected rain or snow. Always carry the right gear.
A down jacket, thermal layers, and a good sleeping bag are essential. Make sure your sleeping bag is rated to -15°C or better. You also need a rainproof outer shell, gloves, and a wool hat. These items are essential for Samdo. Wind can be fierce here, especially afternoons, as katabatic winds funnel down from the glaciers.
Best Time Summary
October usually has the best weather. It is clear and stable. This month also brings lively local activities. Locals harvest and get ready for winter during this time. Late March to April is another favorite, with moderate weather and spring blossoms.
Both of these windows will have other trekking groups nearby. However, Manaslu has been much less crowded in recent years than Everest or Annapurna. If you like more solitude and can deal with colder weather, late November or early December could work.
This is after the primary season, with fresh air and empty trails, but early winter snow is possible. On the other hand, early September can be a gamble. The monsoon might still be here.
However, if it leaves early, you can enjoy the last bit of summer warmth with fewer people. In any case, avoid deep monsoon and mid-winter for safety.
Always check the Larkya La Pass conditions with your agency or local guides. Heavy snow in October or April can make the pass difficult. Trekkers should buffer a day or two into their schedule for unforeseen weather delays when planning this adventure.
Trekking Permits and Checkpoints near Samdo
Permits Required
The Manaslu Circuit, being a restricted trekking route, requires several permits. By reaching Samdo, you will have passed through multiple permit checkpoints. The licenses needed are:
Manaslu Restricted Area Permit (RAP)
The Nepalese government requires this special permit for foreigners trekking in the Manaslu region. This area is restricted because it is close to Tibet, and to help preserve its culture.
The Department of Immigration gives the RAP through a registered trekking agency. Trekkers must be in a group of at least two with a licensed guide. Solo trekking is not allowed.
The permit fee varies by season (for Sept–Nov: USD 1000 per person for the first week, then $15 per additional day; for Dec–Aug: $75 first week, then $10/day).
This permit technically covers the trail from Jagat up to Samagaon/Samdo. The restricted area stretches from Jagat (entry) through Samdo (exit) in the north.
Manaslu Conservation Area Permit (MCAP)
Samdo lies within the Manaslu Conservation Area, so an MCAP is required for all trekkers. This park entry permit (NPR 3,000, about $30) is needed for conservation efforts and is necessary from Philim onwards.
Typically, there’s a checkpoint at Philim where you show your MCAP, and possibly again at Samagaon. MCAP is a single fee valid for one entry (not per day).
Annapurna Conservation Area Permit (ACAP)
Although Samdo is in Manaslu, trekkers who complete the circuit will cross into the Annapurna Conservation Area after Larkya Pass. Therefore, an ACAP permit (NPR 3,000, ~$30) is also required.
Often, ACAP is checked once you reach Dharapani (after finishing the pass and descending) or in Bimtang. According to trekking guidelines, as soon as you cross Samagaon and head towards Larkya Pass, you’re expected to have an ACAP ready (even though you won’t use it until the other side).
In summary, three permits – RAP, MCAP, and ACAP – are needed for the full Manaslu Circuit. (If you were also doing Tsum Valley, that’s another separate permit, but Samdo is on the primary circuit.) Trekkers must always carry these permits, as officials check them at various points.
Checkpoints: The key checkpoints on the way include:
Jagat (1,410 m): Entry point of restricted area, where your RAP is first checked and registered.
Philim (1,590 m): Manaslu Conservation Area entry, where MCAP is checked.
Deng, Namrung, or Ghap: Occasionally, there are police check posts or checks in these villages to ensure you have the permits and are with a guide (since independent travel is not allowed).
Samagaon (3,530 m): This is often the last major checkpoint in the Manaslu area. There is usually an office or police post that will register your RAP before you head towards Samdo and the pass.
One source notes that Samagaon is “the last checkpoint of this permit (RAP)”. They ensure trekkers have the required personnel and don’t overstay the restricted area permit duration.
Samdo (3,875 m): There isn’t an official permit office in Samdo itself, but given the border proximity, there may be an army or police presence keeping an eye on movements.
In the past, armed police have had a station near Samdo to prevent unauthorized border crossings. Your guide will handle any formalities if required. Trekkers generally won’t need to show anything in Samdo, assuming it was done in Samagaon.
Dharapani (1,860 m) or Tilche: Once you descend into the Annapurna region, there’s a checkpoint (often at Dharapani or later at Besisahar) where your ACAP is checked and your trek is “signed out” of the restricted area. Dharapani is a gateway where many exit, so authorities there ensure that all from the Manaslu side have permits.
It’s essential to follow the rules here. Samdo’s area is restricted partly due to its proximity to Tibet – the border is just a few kilometers away, and historically, the government wanted to control tourism and prevent illegal crossings or smuggling.
Trekkers cannot wander off towards the border beyond the designated side trip (you cannot enter Tibet). There have been cases of tourists trying to cross or go to unpermitted areas – don’t do this, as it can result in fines or worse, and puts local guides in jeopardy. Always stick to permitted trails (the Tibetan border hike is permissible as a day hike with a guide, but you must return to Samdo).
Your guide will be your helper in all these permit matters – by law, you must have one. They usually carry a copy of your permits or at least handle showing them. In Samdo, guides often report to local officials about plans for crossing the pass the next day. It’s all generally routine.
Practical Tips: Before leaving Kathmandu, double-check your permits (dates, names, etc.) through your agency. The RAP has specific validity dates and is charged per day in the restricted zone, so ensure it covers the number of days from Jagat to Samdo (most itineraries are fine, but if you take extra rest days, you might need an extension).
Trekkers need passport photos for MCAP/ACAP (carry a few spares). Also, bring your passport on the trek; permit checks may ask you to verify your ID against the permits.
By being conscientious with permits, you also support the conservation and communities: MCAP and ACAP fees go toward park management and local projects. For example, conservation fees help protect wildlife (like snow leopards and red pandas in the region) and maintain trails.
So, while the permits may feel like bureaucratic paperwork when you’re enjoying tea in Samdo, they are part of the bigger picture of sustainable tourism in these fragile environments.
Unique Experiences and Trekker Stories from Samdo
Nearly every trekker who stays overnight in Samdo comes away with special memories. Despite (or because of) its isolation, Samdo leaves a lasting impression. Here are some unique experiences and anecdotes that travelers often recall:
Authentic Tibetan Hospitality
The warmth of the people in this desolate place has touched many. “When tired, “rekkers arrive in Samdo, the locals greet them warmly. They offer smiles and tasty food to lift their spirits,” says a trekking journal. Lodge owners often give free refills of tea.
As you explore the village, local children may wave and say “Tashi Delek” (hello). Some trekkers recount sitting in the yak pasture with locals, attempting to converse.
A smile or a shared fire can create a warm moment even if you don’t speak the same language. In one story, a group of trekkers visited a family by the fire.
They tried tsampa, which is roasted barley porridge, and butter tea. The trekkers learned how to mix the tsampa into a dough. This moment became a special part of their trek.
A Glimpse into a Bygone Era
Samdo’s way is very traditional. Trekkers often feel like they’ve stepped back a century. You might see women spinning wool or weaving. Men are tending yaks and carrying firewood on their backs.
Kids are playing with handmade toys. There are no roads, no vehicles – just footpaths and hoofprints. At night, kerosene lamps or solar lights flicker in the windows.
Spending an evening in Samdo under the Milky Way can be a deep experience for modern trekkers. The only sounds are distant yak bells and soft prayers. This moment offers a true sense of simplicity. Many describe it as one of the most peaceful nights of their entire trek.
Starry Night Skies
Without light pollution, Samdo offers incredible stargazing. Trekkers have marveled at how constellations and the Milky Way appear. On cold, clear nights, the sky is so full of stars that it can be overwhelming.
One traveler said stepping outside at 2 AM in Samdo felt “like being inside a globe of stars.” The snow paks wepeak softly lit by starlight, and an unforgettable silence surrounded the village.
Wildlife Encounters
While rare, some lucky (and patient) visitors have spotted wildlife that is usually elusive. Blue sheep are pretty standard. However, some people say they have seen snow leopard paw prints in the snow near Samdo after it snowed.
In 2018, a guided group trek in late November heard the strange call of a snow leopard at night. The raspy roar echoed from the cliffs. They didn’t see the chance of it, which excited the group.
Bird lovers have enjoyed watching lammergeiers, or bearded vultures, glide above the valley in the mornings. Sometimes, they fly at eye level if you are on a ridge.
Treacherous Weather Stories
There are tales of trekkers who got caught in sudden weather changes near Samdo. In December 2021, an early winter storm trapped some groups in Samdo for several days. Larkya Pass was closed because of deep snow.
The community and trekkers worked together during this time. They rationed food and kept spirits high with card games and storytelling by the stove until the weather improved. Another story from the monsoon season is about a group that arrived in Samdo soaked.
That evening, the clouds parted. They revealed fresh snow on the peaks and a bright double rainbow over the village. It was a magical reward after a tough day. These experiences reinforce the mantra that the unexpected often becomes the most memorable part of an adventure.
Standing at the Border
Those who do the Tibetan border day hike invariably count it among the most unique experiences of their trek. One trekker talked about standing by the barbed-wire border fence at 5,000 m.
They had one foot in Nepal and one in no-man’s land; they called it a “bucket list” moment. Th” y ima Theyd the history of traders and pilgrims who once traversed that very pass.
The complete solitude they felt was strange and amazing. There were no other people around, just endless mountains leading to Tibet. That evening, they returned to Samdo and celebrated with a big meal. They felt like they had reached a forbidden horizon.
Community and Resilience
Samdo has also been the site of humanitarian and mountaineering stories. After the 2015 earthquake, which heavily impacted the Manaslu region, Samdo was cut off for a time.
Trekkers who visited in subsequent seasons have noted the villagers’ resilience in rebuilding their homes and lodges. Some have shared stories of fundraising for Samdo’s school and experiencing local kindness.
Some mountaineers use Samdo as a stop for their trips. They climb Samdo Peak, which is 5,177 meters high. They also try to climb nearby peaks that are over 6,000 meters. The village helps with their base camp needs.
These stories show that Samdo is more than a stop for trekkers. It is a living community. This community has adapted to harsh conditions and now welcomes tourism in its simple way.
In conclusion, Samdo might be small, but it looms large in the memories of those who pass through. Samdo offers a setting for many exceptional experiences. These moments are special. They can happen when you share a meal with new friends.
They can also occur while watching the sunrise over the Himalayas. Testing your limits on a rugged trail can create similar feelings. All of these experiences feel spiritual and humbling.
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